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TheYersinia pestis low-Ca2+ response stimulon is responsible for the temperature- and Ca2+ -regulated expression and secretion of plasmid pCD1-encoded antihost proteins (V antigen and Yops). We have previously shown thatlcrD ,yscC ,yscD ,yscG , andyscR encode proteins that are essential for high-level expression and secretion of V antigen and Yops at 37°C in the absence of Ca2+ . In this study, we characterizedyscO of the Yop secretion (ysc ) operon that containsyscN throughyscU by determining the localization of its gene product and the phenotype of an in-frame deletion. TheyscO mutant grew and expressed the same levels of Yops as the parent at 37°C in the presence of Ca2+ . In the absence of Ca2+ , the mutant grew independently of Ca2+ , expressed only basal levels of V antigen and Yops, and failed to secrete these. These defects could be partially complemented by providingyscO intrans in theyscO mutant. Overexpression of YopM and V antigen in the mutant failed to restore the export of either protein, showing that the mutation had a direct effect on secretion. These results indicated that theyscO gene product is required for high-level expression and secretion of V antigen and Yops. YscO was found by immunoblot analysis in the soluble and membrane fractions of bacteria growing at 37°C irrespective of the presence of Ca2+ and in the culture medium in the absence of Ca2+ . YscO is the only mobile protein identified so far in theYersinia species that is required for secretion of V antigen and Yops.

YscO of Yersinia pestis Is a Mobile Core Component of the Yop Secretion System