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A considerable amount of research work has been published in the chemical, biological and medical literature from which a number of conclusions have been drawn regarding the relationship between chemical constitution and disinfectant action. There are also many papers on record which contain a more or less successful attempt to visualize the mechanism of disinfection and to define it, if possible, chemically or physically. Although the disinfectant action of phenol and its derivatives has been known for some time, the ultimate mode of its action upon the microorganisms remains unknown. An attempt has been made by Loew (1893) to correlate the germicidal action of phenol with its reactivity toward aldehyde groups of the protoplasm. Cooper and collaborators (Cooper, 1913; Cooper and Sanders, 1927; Cooper and Mason, 1928) attribute the disinfectant action of phenol to its capacity of acting as a protein precipitant. The assumption made by Loew cannot hold in all cases because it is known that certain phenol derivatives, such as pentahalogen phenol, are very potent germicides under certain conditions, although by virtue of their constitution they cannot be regarded as capable of a condensation reaction with aldehyde groups. Regarding the work by Cooper and his collaborators, one may

THE GERMICIDAL ACTION OF HALOGEN DERIVATIVES OF PHENOL AND RESORCINOL AND ITS IMPAIRMENT BY ORGANIC MATTER