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ModE is the molybdate-sensing transcription regulator that controls the expression of genes related to molybdate homeostasis inEscherichia coli . ModE is activated by binding molybdate and acts as both an activator and a repressor. By genomic systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) screening and promoter reporter assays, we have identified a total of nine operons, including the hitherto identifiedmodA ,moaA ,dmsA , andnapF operons, of which six were activated by ModE and three were repressed. In addition, two promoters were newly identified and direct transcription of novel genes, referred to asmorA andmorB , located on antisense strands ofyghW andtorY , respectively. ThemorA gene encodes a short peptide, MorA, with an unusual initiation codon. Surprisingly, overexpression of themorA 5′ untranslated region exhibited an inhibitory influence on colony formation ofE. coli K-12.

Identification of the Set of Genes, Including Nonannotated morA , under the Direct Control of ModE in Escherichia coli