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Strains of enterohemorragicEscherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 that are non-sorbitol fermenting (NSF) and β-glucuronidase negative (GUD− ) carry a large virulence plasmid, pO157 (&gt;90,000 bp), whereas closely related sorbitol-fermenting (SF)E. coli O157:H− strains carry plasmid pSFO157 (&gt;120,000 bp). GUD+ NSF O157:H7 strains are presumed to be precursors of GUD− NSF O157:H7 strains that also carry pO157. In this study, we report the complete sequence of a novel virulence plasmid, pO157-2 (89,762 bp), isolated from GUD+ NSF O157:H7 strain G5101. PCR analysis confirmed the presence of pO157-2 in six other strains of GUD+ NSF O157:H7. pO157-2 carries genes associated with virulence (e.g., hemolysin genes) and conjugation (tra andtrb genes) but lackskatP andespP present in pO157. Comparative analysis of the three EHEC plasmids shows that pO157-2 is highly related to pO157 and pSFO157 but not ancestral to pO157. These results indicated that GUD+ NSF O157:H7 strains might not be direct precursors to GUD− NSF O157:H7 as previously proposed but rather have evolved independently from a common ancestor.

journal of bacteriology

Complete DNA Sequence Analysis of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli Plasmid pO157_2 in β-Glucuronidase-Positive E. coli O157:H7 Reveals a Novel Evolutionary Path