English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

A reservoir of pseudogene alleles encoding the primary adhesin VlhA occurs in the avian pathogen Mycoplasma synoviae. Recombination between this reservoir and its single expression site was predicted to result in lineages of M. synoviae that each express a different vlhA allele as a consequence of host immune responses to those antigens. Such interstrain diversity at the vlhA expression site, including major differences in the predicted secondary structures of their expressed adhesins, was confirmed in 14 specimens of M. synoviae. Corresponding functional differences in the extent to which they agglutinated erythrocytes, a quantitative proxy for VlhA-mediated cytadherence, were also evident. There was a &gt;20-fold difference between the highest- and lowest-agglutinating strains and a rheostatic distribution of intermediate phenotypes among the others (Tukey-Kramer honestly significant difference [HSD], P &lt; 0.001). Coincubation with the sialic acid analog 2-deoxy-2,3-didehydro-N-acetylneuraminate inhibited hemagglutination in a pattern correlated with endogenous sialidase activity (r = 0.91, P &lt; 0.001), although not consistently to the same extent that erythrocyte pretreatment with sialidase purified from Clostridium perfringens did (P &lt; 0.05). The striking correlation between the ranked hemagglutination and endogenous sialidase activities of these strains (Spearman's r = 0.874, P &lt; 0.001) is evidence that host-induced vlhA allele switching indirectly drives sequence diversity in the passenger sialidase gene of M. synoviae.

Diversity of Expressed vlhA Adhesin Sequences and Intermediate Hemagglutination Phenotypes in Mycoplasma synoviae