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Glucan-binding protein A (GbpA) ofStreptococcus mutans has been hypothesized to promote sucrose-dependent adherence and the cohesiveness of plaque and therefore to contribute to caries formation. We have analyzed the adherence properties and virulence of isogenicgbpA mutants relative to those of wild-typeS. mutans . Contrary to expectations, thegbpA mutant strains displayed enhanced sucrose-dependent adherence in vitro and enhanced cariogenicity in vivo. In vitro,S. mutans was grown in the presence of [3 H]thymidine and sucrose within glass vials. When grown with constant rotation, significantly higher levels ofgbpA mutant organisms than of wild type remained adherent to the vial walls. Postgrowth vortexing of rotated cultures significantly decreased adherence of wild-type organisms, whereas the adherence ofgbpA mutant organisms was unaffected. In the gnotobiotic rat model, thegbpA mutant strain was hypercariogenic though the colonization levels were not significantly different from those of the wild type. ThegbpA mutant strain became enriched in vivo with organisms that had undergone a recombination involving thegtfB andgtfC genes. The incidence ofgtfBC recombinant organisms increased as a function of dietary sucrose availability and was inversely correlated with caries development. We propose that the absence of GbpA elevates the cariogenic potential ofS. mutans by altering the structure of plaque. However, the hypercariogenic plaque generated bygbpA mutant organisms may be suboptimal forS. mutans , leading to the accumulation ofgtfBC recombinants whose reduced glucosyltransferase activity restores a less cariogenic plaque structure.

infection and immunity

Inactivation of the <i>gbpA</i> Gene of <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> Increases Virulence and Promotes In Vivo Accumulation of Recombinations between the Glucosyltransferase B and C Genes

Inactivation of the gbpA Gene of Streptococcus mutans Increases Virulence and Promotes In Vivo Accumulation of Recombinations between the Glucosyltransferase B and C Genes