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Germfree mice were associated with selected species of human intestinal bacteria and then challenged with a streptomycin-resistantShigella flexneri strain. Antagonism againstShigella was most pronounced in mice associated withEscherichia coli and least pronounced in mice associated withBacteroides fragilis. A moderate degree of antagonism could be demonstrated in mice associated with eitherStreptococcus faecalis orBifidobacterium adolescentis. Shigella persisted in the cecal contents ofE. coli -associated mice at very low, stable levels.Shigella populations were reduced to levels below detection in the ceca of mice diassociated withE. coli andBacteroides. Upon subsequent administration of streptomycin,Bacteroides disappeared from the ceca. TheE. coli population was greatly reduced, andShigella reappeared at very high population levels as an apparent recombinant which resembledE. coli biochemically. A streptomycin-resistantE. coli population subsequently emerged and became dominant in the ceca.Shigella concomitantly declined to levels below detection.

Experimental Shigella Infections in Laboratory Animals I. Antagonism by Human Normal Flora Components in Gnotobiotic Mice