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Human strains ofActinomyces viscosus andA. naeslundii differ in the time of their appearance and in their patterns of colonization in the mouth. Strains of these organisms were found to differ in their abilities to adsorb to saliva-treated hydroxyapatite (S-HA) surfaces, thought to mimic the teeth, and these differences parallel their patterns of colonizing the dentition. Thus, strains ofA. viscosus tended to adsorb in higher numbers to hydroxyapatite (HA) treated with saliva of older children and adults than with saliva of younger children (ages 6 to 11). These salivary changes may account for the increased frequency with which this organism can be isolated from the mouths of children as they grow older. In contrast, strains ofA. naeslundii andStreptococcus mutans did not show a preference for attaching to either type of S-HA. Strains ofA. viscosus also generally adsorbed in higher numbers thanA. naeslundii to HA treated with adult saliva; this may explain why higher proportions ofA. viscosus are usually recoverable from the teeth of adults, even thoughA. naeslundii is generally present in higher proportions in saliva. Significant variation was noted between strains and between saliva samples collected from different donors. The differences in adsorptive behavior of strains of these species suggests that they are binding to different receptors in the salivary glycoprotein coating on HA surfaces. Adsorption ofA. naeslundii ATCC 12104 was enhanced when S-HA was pretreated with neuraminidase, but this had little effect upon the adsorption of otherActinomyces strains tested. Adsorption of strain ATCC 12104 to S-HA was also strongly inhibited by fructose and sucrose and weakly inhibited by glucose, maltose, galactose, and lactose. However, other strains ofA. naeslundii tested were affected less, or not at all, by these sugars. Adsorption of two strains ofA. viscosus was not affected by any of the sugars or amines tested.

Differences in the Adsorptive Behavior of Human Strains of Actinomyces viscosus and Actinomyces naeslundii to Saliva-Treated Hydroxyapatite Surfaces