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The effects of several microbial residents of human oral cavities on the attachment ofActinomyces viscosus T14V to tooth surfaces were assessed by using the saliva-coated hydroxyapatite (sHA) in vitro system. Attachment to sHA byA. viscosus T14V was not inhibited in the presence ofStreptococcus mutans GS5, either in the presence or absence of sucrose. Precoating sHA beads withS. mutans in the presence of sucrose also did not retard strain T14V attachment. However, the presence ofStreptococcus sanguis M5 during strain T14V attachment markedly inhibited the interaction ofA. viscosus T14V with sHA, whereas anotherS. sanguis strain, strain G9B, produced relatively weak inhibition. The inhibitory effect ofS. sanguis M5 appeared to result from the direct interaction of this organism withA. viscosus T14V. Conversely, the presence of strain T14V markedly increased the attachment ofS. sanguis M5 to sHA while partially inhibiting the attachment ofS. sanguis G9B. Moreover, sHA beads precoated withA. viscosus T14V bound much higher levels ofS. sanguis M5 relative to uncoated sHA, whereasS. sanguis G9B attachment was only weakly inhibited. It was also observed that sHA beads precoated with eitherS. sanguis M5 or G9B inhibited subsequent attachment by strain T14V. These results suggest the possibility that the attachment sites for bothS. sanguis strains partially overlap those forA. viscosus T14V.Streptococcus mitis weakly inhibited attachment of strain T14V to sHA, and bothStreptococcus salivarius andLactobacillus casei had little effect on attachment. In addition, both a radioisotope attachment assay and fluorescent microscopy demonstrated no significant attachment ofA. viscosus T14V to human epithelial cells.

Role of Bacterial Interactions in the Colonization of Oral Surfaces by Actinomyces viscosus