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Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin is synthesized by toxic clones grown anaerobically on ganglioside affinity filters. The toxin binds to the filters and is detected by reaction with 125I-immunoglobulin G from type-specific antitoxin. Toxin spots from culture filtrates were similarly identified. The C. botulinum type C and D strains were selected for developing this affinity filter assay because synthesis of the C1 and D toxins is bacteriophage dependent. Toxigenic clones were distinguished from prophage-cured atoxigenic derivatives. These studies represent a first step toward the development of a general nonbiological screening procedure for identifying botulinal toxin and toxigenic cells. The affinity filter methodology should facilitate genetic analysis of the basis of C. botulinum toxicity.

Use of ganglioside affinity filters to identify toxigenic strains of Clostridium botulinum types C and D