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Bacterial pathogens in the generaAnaplasma andEhrlichia encode a protein superfamily, pfam01617, which includes the predominant outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of each species, major surface protein 2 (MSP2) and MSP3 ofAnaplasma marginale andAnaplasma ovis ,Anaplasma phagocytophilum MSP2 (p44),Ehrlichia chaffeensis p28-OMP,Ehrlichia canis p30, andEhrlichia ruminantium MAP1, and has been shown to be involved in both antigenic variation within the mammalian host and differential expression between the mammalian and arthropod hosts. Recently, complete sequencing of theA. marginale genome has identified an expanded set of genes, designatedomp1-14 , encoding new members of this superfamily. Transcriptional analysis indicated that, with the exception of the three smallest open reading frames,omp2 ,omp3 , andomp6 , these superfamily genes are transcribed inA. marginale -infected erythrocytes, tick midgut and salivary glands, and the IDE8 tick cell line. OMPs 1, 4, 7 to 9, and 11 were confirmed to be expressed as proteins byA. marginale within infected erythrocytes, with expression being either markedly lower (OMPs 1, 4, and 7 to 9) or absent (OMP11) in infected tick cells, which reflected regulation at the transcript level. Although the pfam01617 superfamily includes the antigenically variable MSP2 and MSP3 surface proteins, analysis of theomp1-14 sequences throughout a cycle of acute and persistent infection in the mammalian host and tick transmission reveals a high degree of conservation, an observation supported by sequence comparisons between the St. Maries strain and Florida strain genomes.

Differential Expression and Sequence Conservation of theAnaplasma marginale msp2Gene Superfamily Outer Membrane Proteins