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Cronobacter sakazakii is an opportunistic pathogen that causes neonatal meningitis and necrotizing enterocolitis. Its interaction with intestinal epithelium is important in the pathogenesis of enteric infections. In this study, we investigated the involvement of theinv gene in the virulence ofC. sakazakii ATCC 29544in vitro andin vivo . Sequence analysis ofC. sakazakii ATCC 29544inv revealed that it is different from otherC. sakazakii isolates. In various cell culture models, an Δinv deletion mutant showed significantly lowered invasion efficiency, which was restored upon genetic complementation. Studying invasion potentials using tight-junction-disrupted Caco-2 cells suggested that theinv gene product mediates basolateral invasion ofC. sakazakii ATCC 29544. In addition, comparison of invasion potentials of double mutant (ΔompA Δinv ) and single mutants (ΔompA and Δinv ) provided evidence for an additive effect of the two putative outer membrane proteins. Finally, the importance ofinv and the additive effect of putative Inv and OmpA were also proven in anin vivo rat pup model. This report is the first to demonstrate two proteins working synergisticallyin vitro , as well asin vivo inC. sakazakii pathogenesis.

infection and immunity

Putative Inv Is Essential for Basolateral Invasion of Caco-2 Cells and Acts Synergistically with OmpA To Affect <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Vivo</i> Virulence of Cronobacter sakazakii ATCC 29544

Putative Inv Is Essential for Basolateral Invasion of Caco-2 Cells and Acts Synergistically with OmpA To Affect In Vitro and In Vivo Virulence of Cronobacter sakazakii ATCC 29544