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Blastomyces dermatitidis is a thermally induced dimorphic fungus capable of causing lung and systemic infections in immunocompetent animal hosts. With the publication of genomic sequences from three different strains ofB .dermatitidis and the development of RNA interference as a gene-silencing tool, it has become possible to easily ascertain the virulence and morphological effects of knocking down the expression of candidate genes of interest.BYS1 (Blastomyces yeast-phase-specific 1), first identified by Burg and Smith, is expressed at high levels in yeast cells and is undetectable in mold. The deduced protein sequence ofBYS1 has a putative signal sequence at its N terminus, opening the possibility that theBYS1 -encoded protein is associated with the yeast cell wall. Herein, strains ofB .dermatitidis with silenced expression ofBYS1 were engineered and tested for morphology and virulence. The silenced strains produced rough-surfaced cultures on agar medium and demonstrated a propensity to form pseudohyphal cells on prolonged culturein vitro andin vivo , as measured in the mouse lung. Tests using a mouse model of blastomycosis with either yeast or spore inocula showed that thebys1 -silenced strains were as virulent as control strains. Thus, although silencing ofBYS1 alters morphology at 37°C, it does not appear to impair the pathogenicity ofB .dermatitidis .

Discordant Influence of Blastomyces dermatitidis Yeast-Phase-Specific Gene BYS1 on Morphogenesis and Virulence