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Hydroxylated diether lipids are the most abundant lipids inMethanosarcina acetivorans, Methanosarcina thermophila , andMethanosarcina barkeri MS and Fusaro, regardless of the substrate used for growth. Structural analysis of the lipid moiety freed of polar head groups revealed that the hydroxydiether lipids of all theMethanosarcina strains were hydroxylated at position 3 ofsn -2 phytanyl chains. The finding thatMethanosarcina strains synthesize the same hydroxydiether structure suggests that this is a taxonomic characteristic of the genus.Methanococcus voltae produced minor amounts of the 3-hydroxydiether characteristic ofMethanosarcina spp. and also the 3′-hydroxydiether described previously forMethanosaeta concilii .

Hydroxydiether Lipid Structures in Methanosarcina spp. and Methanococcus voltae