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Five strains of Aspergillus fumigatus (A, B, D, H, and K) isolated from sawmills were used to expose groups of three rats by intratracheal intubation. The dose was 10(9) spores per rat. At 48 h after administration, two rats from the D group and all rats from the K group died with symptoms of strong dyspnea and tachypnea. At 72 h postadministration and after, some animals showed mild to moderate dyspnea and tachypnea. Autopsies of all animals were performed, including a histopathological examination of the lungs. At 72 h after administration, two distinct morphological groups were identified histopathologically. Severe necrotizing pneumonia characterized by the presence of abundant fungal hyphae was seen in animals that died spontaneously within 48 h postadministration and rats with bronchopneumonia and was characterized by the presence of numerous fungal spores. There was an obvious difference in pathogenicity among the strains of A. fumigatus. Strains D and K were more pathogenic, and only the rats exposed to these strains showed the presence of fungal hyphae in the lungs. The mycotoxin gliotoxin that is produced by A. fumigatus and has antiphagocytic activity was not detected in the spores from any of the A. fumigatus strains.

Intratracheal exposure of rats to Aspergillus fumigatus spores isolated from sawmills in Sweden