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A phage typing system was used to evaluate the composition of indigenous populations ofRhizobium meliloti inhabiting nodules ofMedicago sativa cultivars grown with and without inoculation at two field sites during 1983 and 1984. Soil at both locations contained established populations ofR. meliloti at planting. Analysis of 1,920 nodule isolates revealed 55 unique phage types of indigenousR. meliloti at one site and 65 indigenous types at the other location. The distributions of phage types differed markedly between locations. At one site, the nodule population was dominated by two phage types; seven others occurred consistently but at lower frequency, and the remainder were encountered infrequently. No indigenous types predominated at the other location, although nine occurred more frequently than the remaining types. IndigenousR. meliloti predominated in nodules from inoculated plots at both sites, with inoculant recovery varying between 10 and 38% in each of two years. The frequency of occurrence of particular phage types at one location was significantly influenced by bothM. sativa cultivar and inoculation. At this location, the interaction of cultivar and inoculation on the incidence of phage types suggests that the presence of an inoculant strain differentially affected nodule occupancy ofM. sativa cultivars by members of the indigenousR. meliloti population. At both sites, the frequency of specific phage types differed between years. The data emphasize the importance of understanding the ecology and characteristics of indigenousRhizobium populations as a prerequisite for elucidating problems of inoculant establishment and persistence in competitive situations.

applied and environmental microbiology

Influence of Location, Host Cultivar, and Inoculation on the Composition of Naturalized Populations of <i>Rhizobium meliloti</i> in <i>Medicago sativa</i> Nodules

Influence of Location, Host Cultivar, and Inoculation on the Composition of Naturalized Populations of Rhizobium meliloti in Medicago sativa Nodules