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A mutant strain ofCellulomonas sp. CS1-17 was compared withCellulomonas gelida 2480 as the cellulolytic component of a mixed culture which was responsible for the breakdown of wheat straw to support asymbiotic nitrogen fixation byAzospirillum brasilense Sp7 (ATCC 29145).Cellulomonas sp. strain CSI-17 was more efficient than wasC. gelida in cellulose breakdown at lower oxygen concentrations and, in mixed culture withA. brasilense , it supported higher nitrogenase activity (C2 H2 reduction) and nitrogen fixation with straw as the carbon source. Based on gravimetric determinations of straw breakdown and total N determinations, the efficiency of nitrogen fixation was 72 and 63 mg of N per g of straw utilized for the mixtures containingCellulomonas sp. andC. gelida , respectively. BothCellulomonas spp. andAzospirillum spp. exhibited a wide range of pH tolerance. When introduced into sterilized soil, theCellulomonas sp.-Azospirillum brasilense association was more effective in nitrogen fixation at a pH of 7.0 than at the native soil pH (5.6). This was also true of the indigenous diazotrophic microflora of this soil. The potential implications of this work to the field situation are discussed.

applied and environmental microbiology

Comparison of Two Cellulomonas Strains and Their Interaction with Azospirillum brasilense in Degradation of Wheat Straw and Associated Nitrogen Fixation