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Acetochlor [2-chloro-N -(ethoxymethyl)-N -(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-acetamide] is a widely applied herbicide with potential carcinogenic properties.N -Deethoxymethylation is the key step in acetochlor biodegradation.N -Deethoxymethylase is a multicomponent enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of acetochlor to 2′-methyl-6′-ethyl-2-chloroacetanilide (CMEPA). Fast detection of CMEPA by a two-enzyme (N -deethoxymethylase–amide hydrolase) system was established in this research. Based on the fast detection method, a three-component enzyme was purified fromRhodococcus sp. strain T3-1 using ammonium sulfate precipitation and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. The molecular masses of the components of the purified enzyme were estimated to be 45, 43, and 11 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Based on the results of peptide mass fingerprint analysis, acetochlorN -deethoxymethylase was identified as a cytochrome P450 system, composed of a cytochrome P450 oxygenase (43-kDa component; EthB), a ferredoxin (45 kDa; EthA), and a reductase (11 kDa; EthD), that is involved in the degradation of methyltert -butyl ether. The gene clusterethABCD was cloned by PCR amplification and expressed inEscherichia coli BL21(DE3). Resting cells of a recombinantE. coli strain showed deethoxymethylation activity against acetochlor. Subcloning ofethABCD showed thatethABD expressed inE. coli BL21(DE3) has the activity of acetochlorN -deethoxymethylase and is capable of converting acetochlor to CMEPA.

Involvement of the Cytochrome P450 System EthBAD in the N -Deethoxymethylation of Acetochlor by Rhodococcus sp. Strain T3-1