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As a result of a transcriptome-wide analysis of the ascomyceteTrichoderma atroviride , mycoparasitism-related genes were identified; of these, 13 genes were further investigated for differential expression.In silico analysis of the upstream regulatory regions of these genes pointed to xylanase regulator 1 (Xyr1) as a putatively involved regulatory protein. Transcript analysis of thexyr1 gene ofT. atroviride in confrontation with other fungi allowed us to determine thatxyr1 levels increased during mycoparasitism. To gain knowledge about the precise role of Xyr1 in the mycoparasitic process, the corresponding gene was deleted from theT. atroviride genome. This resulted in strong reductions in the transcript levels ofaxe1 andswo1 , which encode accessory cell wall-degrading enzymes considered relevant for mycoparasitism. We also analyzed the role of Xyr1 in theTrichoderma -Arabidopsis interaction, finding that the plant response elicited byT. atroviride is delayed if Xyr1 is missing in the fungus.

Trichoderma atroviride Transcriptional Regulator Xyr1 Supports the Induction of Systemic Resistance in Plants