English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

After the first report in May 2008, the National Reference Center for Susceptibility Testing confirmed 113 cases of infection or colonization by KPC-producing members of the familyEnterobacteriaceae in Poland by the end of 2009. The vast majority of patients were found in 18 hospitals; three patients were diagnosed at outpatient clinics. Most of the institutions were in the Warsaw area, including three hospitals with the highest numbers of cases. When available, the data on previous hospitalizations often indicated that these hospitals were the probable acquisition sites; one patient arrived from New York. The group of 119 unique isolates consisted ofKlebsiella pneumoniae (n = 114), followed byKlebsiella oxytoca (n = 3), andEscherichia coli (n = 2). TheK. pneumoniae isolates were dominated by the clone sequence type 258 (ST258) (n = 111); others were ST11 and ST23. The ST258 group was heterogeneous, with 28 pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) subtypes, ∼25 plasmid profiles, and nine β-lactamase patterns differing by KPC variants (KPC-2 mainly), and SHV-12, CTX-M-3, and TEM-1-like enzymes. Plasmids carryingbla KPC genes varied in size (∼48 to 250 kb), structure, and conjugation potential. Transferable IncFIIK plasmids of ∼110 to 160 kb, probably pKpQIL or its derivatives, were observed in allK. pneumoniae clones and inK. oxytoca . Also prevalent were nontypeable pETKp50-like plasmids of ∼50 kb, found inK. pneumoniae ST258 andE. coli isolates (ST93 and ST224). TwoK. pneumoniae-E. coli pairs from single patients might represent thein vivo transfer of such plasmids. The striking diversity of KPC producers at the early stage of dissemination could result from several introductions of these bacteria into the country, their multidirectional evolution during clonal spread, and transfer of the plasmids.

Molecular Characteristics of KPC-Producing Enterobacteriaceae at the Early Stage of Their Dissemination in Poland, 2008–2009