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The heaviest chemical elements are naturally produced by the rapidneutron-capture process (r-process) during neutron star mergers or supernovae.The r-process production of elements heavier than uranium (transuranic nuclei)is poorly understood and inaccessible to experiments, so must be extrapolatedusing nucleosynthesis models. We examine element abundances in a sample ofstars that are enhanced in r-process elements. The abundances of elements Ru,Rh, Pd, and Ag (atomic numbers Z = 44 to 47, mass numbers A = 99 to 110)correlate with those of heavier elements (63 <= Z <= 78, A > 150). There is nocorrelation for neighboring elements (34 <= Z <= 42 and 48 <= Z <= 62). Weinterpret this as evidence that fission fragments of transuranic nucleicontribute to the abundances. Our results indicate that neutron-rich nucleiwith mass numbers >260 are produced in r-process events.

Element abundance patterns in stars indicate fission of nuclei heavier than uranium