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Since the early days of Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory, it has beenpredicted that a sufficiently large supercurrent can close the energy gap in asuperconductor and creates gapless Bogoliubov quasiparticles through theDoppler shift of quasiparticle energy due to the Cooper pair momentum. In thisgapless superconducting state, zero-energy quasiparticles reside on a segmentof the normal state Fermi surface, while its remaining part is still gapped.The finite density of states of field-induced quasiparticles, known as theVolovik effect, has been observed in tunneling and specific heat measurementson d- and s-wave superconductors. However, the segmented Fermi surface of afinite-momentum state carrying a supercurrent has never been detected directly.Here we use quasiparticle interference (QPI) technique to imagefield-controlled Fermi surface of Bi$_2$Te$_3$ thin films proximitized by thesuperconductor NbSe$_2$. By applying a small in-plane magnetic field, ascreening supercurrent is induced which leads to finite-momentum pairing ontopological surface states of Bi$_2$Te$_3$. Our measurements and analysisreveal the strong impact of finite Cooper pair momentum on the quasiparticlespectrum, and thus pave the way for STM study of pair density wave and FFLOstates in unconventional superconductors.

Discovery of segmented Fermi surface induced by Cooper pair momentum