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The realization of an all-optical transistor where one 'gate' photon controlsa 'source' light beam, is a long-standing goal in optics. By stopping a lightpulse in an atomic ensemble contained inside an optical resonator, we realize adevice in which one stored gate photon controls the resonator transmission ofsubsequently applied source photons. A weak gate pulse induces bimodaltransmission distribution, corresponding to zero and one gate photons. Onestored gate photon produces fivefold source attenuation, and can be retrievedfrom the atomic ensemble after switching more than one source photon. Withoutretrieval, one stored gate photon can switch several hundred source photons.With improved storage and retrieval efficiency, our work may enable various newapplications, including photonic quantum gates, and deterministic multiphotonentanglement.

All-Optical Switch and Transistor Gated by One Stored Photon