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Because of the long Fermi wavelength of itinerant electrons, the quantumlimit of elemental bismuth (unlike most metals) can be attained with a moderatemagnetic field. The quantized orbits of electrons shrink with increasingmagnetic field. Beyond the quantum limit, the circumference of these orbitsbecomes shorter than the Fermi wavelength. We studied transport coefficients ofa single crystal of bismuth up to 33 tesla, which is deep in this ultraquantumlimit. The Nernst coefficient presents three unexpected maxima that areconcomitant with quasi-plateaus in the Hall coefficient. The results suggestthat this bulk element may host an exotic quantum fluid reminiscent of the oneassociated with the fractional quantum Hall effect and raise the issue ofelectron fractionalization in a three-dimensional metal.

Signatures of Electron Fractionalization in Ultraquantum Bismuth