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We have studied the charge to spin conversion in Bi$_{1-x}$Sb$_x$/CoFeBheterostructures. The spin Hall conductivity (SHC) of the sputter depositedheterostructures exhibits a high plateau at Bi-rich compositions, correspondingto the topological insulator phase, followed by a decrease of SHC for Sb-richeralloys, in agreement with the calculated intrinsic spin Hall effect ofBi$_{1-x}$Sb$_x$ alloy. The SHC increases with increasing thickness of theBi$_{1-x}$Sb$_x$ alloy before it saturates, indicating that it is the bulk ofthe alloy that predominantly contributes to the generation of spin current; thetopological surface states, if present in the films, play little role.Surprisingly, the SHC is found to increase with increasing temperature,following the trend of carrier density. These results suggest that the largeSHC at room temperature, with a spin Hall efficiency exceeding 1 and anextremely large spin current mobility, is due to increased number ofDirac-like, thermally-excited electrons in the $L$ valley of the narrow gapBi$_{1-x}$Sb$_x$ alloy.

The spin Hall effect of Bi-Sb alloys driven by thermally excited Dirac-like electrons