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The spin Hall effect allows generation of spin current when charge current ispassed along materials with large spin orbit coupling. It has been recentlypredicted that heat current in a non-magnetic metal can be converted into spincurrent via a process referred to as the spin Nernst effect. Here we report theobservation of the spin Nernst effect in W. In W/CoFeB/MgO heterostructures, wefind changes in the longitudinal and transverse voltages with magnetic fieldwhen temperature gradient is applied across the film. The field-dependence ofthe voltage resembles that of the spin Hall magnetoresistance. A comparison ofthe temperature gradient induced voltage and the spin Hall magnetoresistanceallows direct estimation of the spin Nernst angle. We find the spin Nernstangle of W to be similar in magnitude but opposite in sign with its spin Hallangle. Interestingly, under an open circuit condition, such sign differenceresults in spin current generation larger than otherwise. These resultshighlight the distinct characteristics of the spin Nernst and spin Halleffects, providing pathways to explore materials with unique band structuresthat may generate large spin current with high efficiency.

The Spin Nernst effect in Tungsten