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The ability to sense the magnetic state of individual magnetic nano-objectsis a key capability for powerful applications ranging from readout ofultra-dense magnetic memory to the measurement of spins in complex structureswith nanometer precision. Magnetic nano-objects require extremely sensitivesensors and detection methods. Here we create an atomic spin sensor consistingof three Fe atoms and show that it can detect nanoscale antiferromagnetsthrough minute surface-mediated magnetic interaction. Coupling, even to anobject with no net spin and having vanishing dipolar stray field, modifies thetransition matrix element between two spin states of the Fe-atom-based spinsensor that changes the sensor's spin relaxation time. The sensor can detectnanoscale antiferromagnets at up to three nanometers distance and achieves anenergy resolution of 10 micro-electronvolts surpassing the thermal limit ofconventional scanning probe spectroscopy. This scheme permits simultaneoussensing of multiple antiferromagnets with a single spin sensor integrated ontothe surface.

Non-locally sensing the magnetic states of nanoscale antiferromagnets with an atomic spin sensor