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The prospect of studying topological matter with the precision and control ofatomic physics has driven the development of many techniques for engineeringartificial magnetic fields and spin-orbit interactions. Recently, the idea ofintroducing nontrivial topology through the use of internal (or external)atomic states as effective "synthetic dimensions" has garnered attraction forits versatility and possible immunity from heating. Here, we directly engineertunable artificial gauge fields through the local control of tunneling phasesin an effectively two-dimensional manifold of discrete atomic momentum states.We demonstrate the ability to create homogeneous gauge fields of arbitraryvalue, directly imaging the site-resolved dynamics of induced chiral currents.We furthermore engineer the first inhomogeneous artificial gauge fields forcold atoms, observing the magnetic reflection of atoms incident upon astep-like variation of an artificial vector potential. These results open upnew possibilities for the study of topological phases and localizationphenomena in atomic gases.

Direct observation of chiral currents and magnetic reflection in atomic flux lattices