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I would like to preface my response with a brief background to the quote used in the title, “When White America sneezes, Black America catches pneumonia.” The origin of this quote surfaced in the mid-1800s, when Austria’s Prince Clemens von Metternich stated, “When France sneezes, Europe catches a cold” (Betts, 2010). Prince Metternich used this analogy to express characteristics of France’s dominance during the early to mid-1800s and Europe’s interdependence with France; thus, France’s ability to determine or influence socioeconomic conditions in Europe. Since its initial use, this quote has evolved and has been applied to explain conditions of socioeconomic, sociopolitical, and other conditions of interdependence throughout the world. For example, one adapted version of this quote states that, “When America sneezes, the world catches a cold.” Another modified version of this analogy, which I chose to use, “When White America sneezes, Black America catches pneumonia,” captures a direct relationship between Black and White America. Despite the Marxist assumptions that are inherent in this quote, this statement is relevant in gauging issues of diversity and inclusion during this economic downturn, or, as I will attempt to address, this statement can be insightful when accessing the impact of the economic downturn on racial progress. I will focus mainly on racial progress in my response, not that gender issues are insignificant, but precisely because legislation through Title IX is an antidote that potentially insures action will be given to gender equity thus potentially lessening the degree of negative impact from this economic downturn. Furthermore, as it relates to racial progress, I also focus specifically on Black male athletes in my response due to the peculiar relationship these athletes share with predominantly white National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Institutions; i.e., a relationship where Black male athletes represent the dominant athletic labor force that contributes to the revenue generated by these institutions’ athletic departments. Historically, as it relates to economic status and power, a significant percentage of Blacks in this country have shared an inverse relationship with whites. Dr. Manning Marable informs that “....white affluence coexists with Black poverty; white

Economic Recession, College Athletics, and Issues of Diversity and Inclusion: When White America Sneezes, Black America Catches Pneumonia