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Noise generated by wind turbines is significantly impacted by its propagationin the atmosphere. Hence, for annoyance issues an accurate prediction of soundpropagation is critical to determine noise levels around wind turbines. Thisstudy presents a method to predict wind turbine sound propagation based onlinearized Euler equations. We compare this approach to the parabolic equationmethod, which is widely used since it captures the influence of atmosphericrefraction, ground reflection, and sound scattering at a low computationalcost. Using the linearized Euler equations is more computationally demandingbut can reproduce more physical effects as fewer assumptions are made. Anadditional benefit of the linearized Euler equations is that they provide atime-domain solution. To compare both approaches, we simulate sound propagationin two distinct scenarios. In the first scenario, a wind turbine is situated onflat terrain; in the second, a turbine is situated on a hilltop. The resultsshow that both methods provide similar noise predictions in the two scenarios.We find that while some differences in the propagation results are observed inthe second case, the final predictions for a broadband extended source aresimilar between the two methods.

Wind turbine sound propagation: Comparison of a linearized Euler equations model with parabolic equation methods