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Poor laryngeal muscle coordination that results in abnormal glottal posturingis believed to be a primary etiologic factor in common voice disorders such asnon-phonotraumatic vocal hyperfunction. Abnormal activity of antagonisticlaryngeal muscles is hypothesized to play a key role in the alteration ofnormal vocal fold biomechanics that results in the dysphonia associated withsuch disorders. Current low-order models of the vocal folds are unsatisfactoryto test this hypothesis since they do not capture the co-contraction ofantagonist laryngeal muscle pairs. To address this limitation, a self-sustainedtriangular body-cover model with full intrinsic muscle control is introduced.The proposed scheme shows good agreement with prior studies using finiteelement models, excised larynges, and clinical studies in sustained andtime-varying vocal gestures. Simulations of vocal fold posturing obtained withdistinct antagonistic muscle activation yield clear differences in kinematic,aerodynamic and acoustic measures. The proposed tool is deemed sufficientlyaccurate and flexible for future comprehensive investigations ofnon-phonotraumatic vocal hyperfunction and other laryngeal motor controldisorders.

Triangular body-cover model of the vocal folds with coordinated activation of the five intrinsic laryngeal muscles