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A method to create instructive, nonuniform aperture functions using spatialfrequency filtering is described. The diffraction from a single slit in theFresnel limit and the interference from a double slit in the Fraunhofer limitare spatially filtered to create electric field distributions across anaperture to produce apodization, inverse apodization or super-resolution, andapertures with phase shifts across their widths. The diffraction effects fromthese aperture functions are measured and calculated. The excellent agreementbetween the experimental results and the calculated results makes theexperiment ideal for use in an advanced undergraduate or graduate opticslaboratory to illustrate experimentally several effects in Fourier optics.

Advanced Optics Experiments Using Nonuniform Aperture Functions