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Small-angle coronagraphy is technically and scientifically appealing becauseit enables the use of smaller telescopes, allows covering wider wavelengthranges, and potentially increases the yield and completeness of circumstellarenvironment - exoplanets and disks - detection and characterization campaigns.However, opening up this new parameter space is challenging. Here we willreview the four posts of high contrast imaging and their intricate interactionsat very small angles (within the first 4 resolution elements from the star).The four posts are: choice of coronagraph, optimized wavefront control,observing strategy, and post-processing methods. After detailing each of thefour foundations, we will present the lessons learned from the 10+ years ofoperations of zeroth and first-generation adaptive optics systems. We will thententatively show how informative the current integration of second-generationadaptive optics system is, and which lessons can already be drawn from thisfresh experience. Then, we will review the current state of the art, bypresenting world record contrasts obtained in the framework of technologicaldemonstrations for space-based exoplanet imaging and characterization missionconcepts. Finally, we will conclude by emphasizing the importance of thecross-breeding between techniques developed for both ground-based andspace-based projects, which is relevant for future high contrast imaginginstruments and facilities in space or on the ground.

Review of small-angle coronagraphic techniques in the wake of ground-based second-generation adaptive optics systems