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The Balloon-borne Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (BLAST) is asub-orbital experiment designed to study the process of star formation in localgalaxies (including the Milky Way) and in galaxies at cosmological distances.Using a 2-m Cassegrain telescope, BLAST images the sky onto a focal plane,which consists of 270 bolometric detectors split between three arrays,observing simultaneously in 30% wide bands, centered at 250, 350, and 500microns. The diffraction-limited optical system provides a resolution of 30" at250 microns. The pointing system enables raster-like scans with a positionalaccuracy of ~30", reconstructed to better than 5" rms in post-flight analysis.BLAST had two successful flights, from the Arctic in 2005, and from Antarcticain 2006, which provided the first high-resolution and large-area (~0.8-200deg^2) submillimeter surveys at these wavelengths. As a pathfinder for theSPIRE instrument on Herschel, BLAST shares with the ESA satellite similar focalplane technology and scientific motivation. A third flight in 2009 will see theinstrument modified to be polarization-sensitive (BLAST-Pol). With itsunprecedented mapping speed and resolution, BLAST-Pol will provide insightsinto Galactic star-forming nurseries, and give the necessary link between thelarger, coarse resolution surveys and the narrow, resolved observations ofstar-forming structures from space and ground based instruments beingcommissioned in the next 5 years.

The Balloon-borne Large-Aperture Submillimeter Telescope for Polarization: BLAST-pol