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We analyze coupled optical defect cavities realized in finite one-dimensional Photonic Crystals. Viewing these as open systems where waves are permitted to leave the structures, one obtains eigenvalue problems for complex frequencies (eigenvalues) and Quasi-Normal-Modes (eigenfunctions). Single defect structures (photonic crystal atoms) can be viewed as elementary building blocks for multiple-defect structures (photonic crystal molecules) with more complex functionality. The QNM description links the resonant behavior of individual PC atoms to the properties of the PC molecules via eigenfrequency splitting. A variational principle for QNMs permits to predict the eigenfield and the complex eigenvalues in PC molecules starting with a field template incorporating the relevant QNMs of the PC atoms. Further, both the field representation and the resonant spectral transmission close to these resonances are obtained from a variational formulation of the transmittance problem using a template with the most relevant QNMs. The method applies to both symmetric and nonsymmetric single and multiple cavity structures with weak or strong coupling between the defects

Coupled optical defect microcavities in 1D photonic crystals and quasi-normal modes