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At the Advanced Photon Source (APS), undulator insertion devices are capable of producing x-ray beams with a total power of about 5 kW and normal incidence heat fluxes of about 170 W/mm2 at 30 m from the source. On beamlines in which the first optical element is a mirror, the reflected beam from the mirror still carries considerable power and power density. Depending on its location, the monochromator downstream of the mirror might be subject to 300 W total power and 5 W/mm2 normal incidence heat flux. Thus, it is still necessary to carefully design a monochromator that provides acceptable performance under these heat loads. A contact-cooled u-shaped monochromator may be used in this case. The main feature of the u-shaped monochromator is that, by carefully selecting the geometry and cooling locations, it passively corrects for some of the thermally induced crystal distortions. We present experimental and computational results of a contact cooled u-shaped monochromator tested on an APS undulator beamline. The results are encouraging and compare favorably with liquid- gallium internally cooled crystals.

<title>Advanced Photon Source undulator beamline tests of a contact-cooled silicon u-shaped monochromator</title>