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An artificial eye has been designed and assembled that mimics the focusing geometry of the living eye. The artificial eye's focusing characteristics are measured and compared with those of the in vivo system. The artificial eye is used to measure several nonlinear optical phenomena that may have an impact on the laser damage thresholds of the retina produced by ultrashort laser pulses. We chose a focal length of 17 mm to simulate the rhesus monkey eye, with a visual cone angle of 8.4 deg for a 2.5-mm diameter laser beam input. The measured focal point image diameter was 5.6±1 μm, which was 1.5 times the calculated diffraction-limited image diameter. This focusing system had the best M 2 of all the systems evaluated. We used the artificial eye to measure the threshold for laser-induced breakdown, stimulated Brillouin scattering, super-continuum generation, and pulse temporal broadening due to group velocity dispersion.

Artificial eye for in vitro experiments of laser light interaction with aqueous media