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The Simons Observatory (SO) will observe the cosmic microwave background(CMB) from Cerro Toco in the Atacama Desert of Chile. The observatory consistsof three 0.5 m Small Aperture Telescopes (SATs) and one 6 m Large ApertureTelescope (LAT), covering six frequency bands centering around 30, 40, 90, 150,230, and 280 GHz. The SO observations will transform the understanding of ouruniverse by characterizing the properties of the early universe, measuring thenumber of relativistic species and the mass of neutrinos, improving ourunderstanding of galaxy evolution, and constraining the properties of cosmicreionization. As a critical instrument, the Large Aperture Telescope Receiver(LATR) is designed to cool $\sim$ 60,000 transition-edge sensors (TES) to $<$100 mK on a 1.7 m diameter focal plane. The unprecedented scale of the LATRdrives a complex design. In this paper, we will first provide an overview ofthe LATR design. Integration and validation of the LATR design are discussed indetail, including mechanical strength, optical alignment, and cryogenicperformance of the five cryogenic stages (80 K, 40 K, 4 K, 1 K, and 100 mK). Wewill also discuss the microwave-multiplexing ($\mu$Mux) readout systemimplemented in the LATR and demonstrate the operation of dark prototype TESbolometers. The $\mu$Mux readout technology enables one coaxial loop to readout $\mathcal{O}(10^3)$ TES detectors. Its implementation within the LATRserves as a critical validation for the complex RF chain design. The successfulvalidation of the LATR performance is not only a critical milestone within theSimons Observatory, it also provides a valuable reference for otherexperiments, e.g. CCAT-prime and CMB-S4.

The Simons Observatory: the Large Aperture Telescope Receiver (LATR) Integration and Validation Results