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The Optimal Optical Coronagraph (OOC) Workshop at the Lorentz Center inSeptember 2017 in Leiden, the Netherlands gathered a diverse group of 25researchers working on exoplanet instrumentation to stimulate the emergence andsharing of new ideas. In this first installment of a series of three paperssummarizing the outcomes of the OOC workshop, we present an overview of designmethods and optical performance metrics developed for coronagraph instruments.The design and optimization of coronagraphs for future telescopes hasprogressed rapidly over the past several years in the context of space missionstudies for Exo-C, WFIRST, HabEx, and LUVOIR as well as ground-basedtelescopes. Design tools have been developed at several institutions tooptimize a variety of coronagraph mask types. We aim to give a broad overviewof the approaches used, examples of their utility, and provide the optimizationtools to the community. Though it is clear that the basic function ofcoronagraphs is to suppress starlight while maintaining light from off-axissources, our community lacks a general set of standard performance metrics thatapply to both detecting and characterizing exoplanets. The attendees of the OOCworkshop agreed that it would benefit our community to clearly definequantities for comparing the performance of coronagraph designs and systems.Therefore, we also present a set of metrics that may be applied to theoreticaldesigns, testbeds, and deployed instruments. We show how these quantities maybe used to easily relate the basic properties of the optical instrument to thedetection significance of the given point source in the presence of realisticnoise.

space telescopes and instrumentation 2018: optical, infrared, and millimeter wave

Review of high-contrast imaging systems for current and future ground-  and space-based telescopes I. Coronagraph design methods and optical  performance metrics