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The Hydrogen Intensity and Real-time Analysis eXperiment (HIRAX) is a new400-800MHz radio interferometer under development for deployment in SouthAfrica. HIRAX will comprise 1024 six meter parabolic dishes on a compact gridand will map most of the southern sky over the course of four years. HIRAX hastwo primary science goals: to constrain Dark Energy and measure structure athigh redshift, and to study radio transients and pulsars. HIRAX will observeunresolved sources of neutral hydrogen via their redshifted 21-cm emission line(`hydrogen intensity mapping'). The resulting maps of large-scale structure atredshifts 0.8-2.5 will be used to measure Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO).HIRAX will improve upon current BAO measurements from galaxy surveys byobserving a larger cosmological volume (larger in both survey area and redshiftrange) and by measuring BAO at higher redshift when the expansion of theuniverse transitioned to Dark Energy domination. HIRAX will complement CHIME, ahydrogen intensity mapping experiment in the Northern Hemisphere, by completingthe sky coverage in the same redshift range. HIRAX's location in the SouthernHemisphere also allows a variety of cross-correlation measurements withlarge-scale structure surveys at many wavelengths. Daily maps of a few thousandsquare degrees of the Southern Hemisphere, encompassing much of the Milky Waygalaxy, will also open new opportunities for discovering and monitoring radiotransients. The HIRAX correlator will have the ability to rapidly andeXperimentciently detect transient events. This new data will shed light on thepoorly understood nature of fast radio bursts (FRBs), enable pulsar monitoringto enhance long-wavelength gravitational wave searches, and provide a rich dataset for new radio transient phenomena searches. This paper discusses the HIRAXinstrument, science goals, and current status.

HIRAX: A Probe of Dark Energy and Radio Transients