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The velocity distribution of atoms in a thermal gas is usually describedthrough a Maxwell-Boltzman distribution of energy, and assumes isotropy. As aconsequence, the probability for an atom to leave the surface under an azimuthangle {\theta} should evolve as cos {\theta}, in spite of the fact that thereis no microscopic basis to justify such a law. The contribution of atoms movingat a grazing incidence towards or from the surface, i.e. atoms with a smallnormal velocity, here called "slow" atoms, reveals essential in the developmentof spectroscopic methods probing a dilute atomic vapor in the vicinity of asurface, enabling a sub-Doppler resolution under a normal incidenceirradiation. The probability for such "slow" atoms may be reduced by surfaceroughness and atom-surface interaction. Here, we describe a method to observeand to count these slow atoms relying on a mechanical discrimination, throughspatially separated pump and probe beams. We also report on our experimentalprogresses toward such a goal.

Detection of slow atoms confined in a Cesium vapor cell by spatially separated pump and probe laser beams