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We introduce a fiber-optic architecture for neural recording without contrastagents, and study its properties theoretically. Our sensor design is inspiredby electrooptic modulators, which modulate the refractive index of a waveguideby applying an electric field across an electrooptic core material, and allowsrecording of the activities of individual neurons located at points along a 10cm length of optical fiber with 20 um axial resolution, sensitivity down to 100uV and a dynamic range of up to 1V using commercially available opticalreflectometers as readout devices. A key concept of the design is the abilityto create an "intensified" electric field inside an optical waveguide byapplying the extracellular voltage from a neural spike over a nanoscopicdistance. Implementing this concept requires the use of ultrathinhigh-dielectric capacitor layers. If suitable materials can be found --possessing favorable properties with respect to toxicity, ohmic junctions, andsurface capacitance -- then such sensing fibers could, in principle, be scaleddown to few-micron cross-sections for minimally invasive neural interfacing.Custom-designed multi-material optical fibers, probed using a reflectometricreadout, may therefore provide a powerful platform for neural sensing.

Multiplexed Neural Recording Down a Single Optical Fiber via Optical Reflectometry with Capacitive Signal Enhancement