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In recent years the number of CubeSats (U-class spacecrafts) launched intospace has increased exponentially marking the dawn of the nanosatellitetechnology. In general these satellites have a much smaller mass budgetcompared to conventional scientific satellites which limits shielding ofscientific instruments against direct and indirect radiation in space. In thispaper we present a simulation framework to quantify the signal in largefield-of-view gamma-ray scintillation detectors of satellites induced byX-ray/gamma-ray transients, by taking into account the response of thedetector. Furthermore, we quantify the signal induced by X-ray and particlebackground sources at a Low-Earth Orbit outside South Atlantic Anomaly andpolar regions. Finally, we calculate the signal-to-noise ratio taking intoaccount different energy threshold levels. Our simulation can be used tooptimize material composition and predict detectability of variousastrophysical sources by CubeSats. We apply the developed simulation to asatellite belonging to a planned CAMELOT CubeSat constellation. This projectmainly aims to detect short and long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and as a secondaryscience objective, to detect soft gamma-ray repeaters (SGRs) and terrestrialgamma-ray flashes (TGFs). The simulation includes a detailed computer-aideddesign (CAD) model of the satellite to take into account the interaction ofparticles with the material of the satellite as accurately as possible. Resultsof our simulations predict that CubeSats can complement the large spaceobservatories in high-energy astrophysics for observations of GRBs, SGRs andTGFs. For the detectors planned to be on board of the CAMELOT CubeSats thesimulations show that detections with signal-to-noise ratio of at least 9 formedian GRB and SGR fluxes are achievable.

Simulations of expected signal and background of gamma-ray sources by large field-of-view detectors aboard CubeSats