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As a new-generation light source, free-electron lasers (FELs) providehigh-brightness X-ray pulses at the angstrom-femtosecond space and time scales.The fundamental physics behind the FEL is the interaction between anelectromagnetic wave and a relativistic electron beam in an undulator, whichconsists of hundreds or thousands of dipole magnets with an alternatingmagnetic field. Here, we report the first observation of the laser-beaminteraction in a pure dipole magnet, in which the electron beam energymodulation with 40-keV amplitude and 266-nm period is measured. We demonstratethat such an energy modulation can be used to launch a seeded FEL, that is,lasing at the sixth harmonic of the seed laser in a high-gain harmonicgeneration scheme. The results reveal the most basic process of the FEL lasingand open up a new direction for the study and exploitation of laser-beaminteractions.

First observation of laser-beam interaction in a dipole magnet