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Label-free imaging of bulk arterial tissue is demonstrated using a multimodal nonlinear optical microscope based on a photonic crystal fiber and a single femtosecond oscillator operating at 800 nm. Colocalized imaging of extracellular elastin fibers, fibrillar collagen, and lipid-rich structures within aortic tissue obtained from atherosclerosis-prone myocardial infarction-prone Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHLMI) rabbits is demonstrated through two-photon excited fluorescence, second harmonic generation, and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering, respectively. These images are shown to differentiate healthy arterial wall, early atherosclerotic lesions, and advanced plaques. Clear pathological changes are observed in the extracellular matrix of the arterial wall and correlated with progression of atherosclerotic disease as represented by the age of the WHHLMI rabbits.Il est question d\u2019imagerie sans marqueur de tissu art\ue9riel pleine \ue9paisseur au moyen d\u2019un microscope optique non lin\ue9aire multimodal, muni d\u2019une fibre \ue0 cristal photonique et d\u2019un simple oscillateur femtoseconde r\ue9gl\ue9 \ue0 800 nm. L\u2019imagerie par colocalisation extracellulaire des fibres d\u2019\ue9lastine, du collag\ue8ne fibrillaire et des structures riches en lipides dans le tissu aortique provenant de lapins WHHL (Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic) pr\ue9dispos\ue9s \ue0 l\u2019ath\ue9roscl\ue9rose et \ue0 l\u2019infarctus du myocarde est obtenue par la fluorescence excit\ue9e \ue0 deux photons, la g\ue9n\ue9ration de seconde harmonique et la diffusion Raman anti-Stokes coh\ue9rente, respectivement. Ces images permettent de faire la distinction entre la paroi art\ue9rielle saine, les l\ue9sions ath\ue9roscl\ue9reuses pr\ue9coces et les plaques d\u2019ath\ue9rome avanc\ue9es. On constate des changements pathologiques \ue9vidents dans la matrice extracellulaire de la paroi art\ue9rielle qui sont en corr\ue9lation avec l\u2019\ue9volution de l\u2019ath\ue9roscl\ue9rose, comme en t\ue9moigne l\u2019\ue2ge des lapins WHHL pr\ue9dispos\ue9s \ue0 l\u2019ath\ue9roscl\ue9rose et \ue0 l\u2019infarctus du myocarde utilis\ue9s.Peer reviewed: YesNRC publication: Ye

Multimodal nonlinear optical imaging of atherosclerotic plaque development in myocardial infarction-prone rabbits