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Akin to functional magnetic resonance imaging fMRI, dif- fuse optical imaging DOI is a noninvasive method for measuring localized changes in hemoglobin levels within the brain. When com- bined with fMRI methods, multimodality approaches could offer an integrated perspective on the biophysics, anatomy, and physiology underlying each of the imaging modalities. Vital to the correct inter- pretation of such studies, control experiments to test the consistency of both modalities must be performed. Here, we compare DOI with blood oxygen level-dependent BOLD and arterial spin labeling fMRI-based methods in order to explore the spatial agreement of the response amplitudes recorded by these two methods. Rather than cre- ating optical images by regularized, tomographic reconstructions, we project the fMRI image into optical measurement space using the op- tical forward problem. We report statistically better spatial correlation between the fMRI-BOLD response and the optically measured deoxy- hemoglobin R=0.71, p=1107 than between the BOLD and oxy- hemoglobin or total hemoglobin measures R=0.38, p=0.040.37, p=0.05, respectively. Similarly, we find that the correlation between the ASL measured blood flow and optically measured total and oxy- hemoglobin is stronger R=0.73, p=5106 and R=0.71, p=9 106, respectively than the flow to deoxyhemoglobin spatial cor-

journal of biomedical optics

Quantitative spatial comparison of diffuse optical imaging with blood oxygen level-dependent and arterial spin labeling-based functional magnetic resonance imaging