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Single-photon transitions are one of the key technologies for designing andoperating very-long-baseline atom interferometers tailored for terrestrialgravitational-wave and dark-matter detection. Since such setups aim at thedetection of relativistic and beyond-Standard-Model physics, the analysis ofinterferometric phases as well as of atomic diffraction must be performed tothis precision and including these effects. In contrast, most treatmentsfocused on idealized diffraction so far. Here, we study single-photontransitions, both magnetically-induced and direct ones, in gravity andStandard-Model extensions modeling dark matter as well asEinstein-equivalence-principle violations. We take into account relativisticeffects like the coupling of internal to center-of-mass degrees of freedom,induced by the mass defect, as well as the gravitational redshift of thediffracting light pulse. To this end, we also include chirping of the lightpulse required by terrestrial setups, as well as its associated modifiedmomentum transfer for single-photon transitions.

Atomic diffraction from single-photon transitions in gravity and Standard-Model extensions