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Growing multi-elemental complex-oxide structures using an MBE (Molecular BeamEpitaxy) technique requires precise control of each source flux. However, whenthe component elements have significantly different oxygen affinities,maintaining stable fluxes for easily oxidizing elements is challenging becauseof a source oxidation problem. Here, using Sr as a test source, we show that acrucible aperture insert scheme significantly reduces the source oxidation inan oxide-MBE environment. The crucible aperture insert was shaped like a diskwith a hole at the center and was mounted inside the crucible; it blocks mostof the oxygen species coming to the source, thus reducing the source oxidation.However, the depth of the aperture disk was critical for its performance; anill-positioned aperture could make the flux stability even worse. With anoptimally positioned aperture insert, the crucible exhibited more than fourtimes improvement in Sr flux stability, compared to a conventional,non-apertured crucible.

Crucible aperture: an effective way to reduce source oxidation in oxide molecular beam epitaxy process