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In 1963, the Königstein deposit was discovered in Upper Cretaceous sandstones of the Elbe rift valley southwest of Dresden (Germany). A total rock volume of some 9 million cubic metres including about 5 million cubic metres of ore was mined in a depth of 200 to 300 m using first by conventional mining, followed by an underground block leaching method as a response to decreasing ore grades. Leaching of the ore was performed with a sulphuric acid liquor. By 1990, more than 55 million tonnes of sandstone had come into contact with the leach liquor at the end of production in 1990, resulting in a dramatic change of hydrogeochemical conditions in the ore bearing sandstone aquifer. Uncontrolled flooding of the mine would have allowed the residual acid, uranium and other metals to rise from the deposit to the overlying aquifer an to the Elbe river. For this background the concept of controlled flooding as developed and successfully applied. The paper describes the remediation strategy, which allows a continuous washing out of soluble contaminates, but also the long term an high cost character of remediation of a leached aquifer.

Groundwater Remediation and Protection at an Underground Leach Operation at Königstein, Germany