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AZT susceptibility of sequential 12 HIV-1 isolates was investigated by culture method. These isolate were obtained from three patients who had received AZT for at least 12 months and switched to ddI after they appeared to deteriorate clinically. Cultures of isolate from a patient before therapy with AZT or ddI did not show cytopathic effect (CPE) in the presence of 0.1 microM or 1.0 microM AZT. Culture of 2 isolates from two patients treated with AZT more than 6 months before switched to ddI therapy showed CPE in the presence of AZT and HIV-1 p24 antigen was detected by ELISA in the supernatants. Culture of 6 of 7 isolates from three patients treated with ddI after long-term therapy with AZT also showed CPE in the presence of 1.0 microM AZT and HIV-1 p24 antigen was detected. These results demonstrated that AZT-resistant variant was still a dominant population in the isolate from patients after 11 to 13 months of discontinuing AZT therapy.

Investigation of AZT Susceptibility of Sequential HIV-1 Isolates from Patients Treated with ddI after Long-term Therapy with AZT